Gynaecological tests and procedures
Endometrial biopsy
Removal of a small sample from the lining of the uterus for examination by pathology.
Explained in clear language
What it is
This is a diagnostic test of the endometrium. It helps investigate abnormal bleeding and, when clinically indicated, rule out hyperplasia or cancer.
How it is performed
- 1
Individual assessment and indication
- 2
Explanation, alternatives and consent
- 3
Procedure with appropriate safeguards
- 4
Results, aftercare and follow-up
Askabide visual archive
The procedure, also explained through images
The photographs come from Askabide’s clinical and “more information” sections. They have been selected by clinical area to support the explanation; not every image is a literal representation of each manoeuvre and none replaces an individual medical explanation.
Assessment and indication
The indication is decided after listening to the reason for attending, reviewing history and explaining the clinical question that needs to be answered.
How it is carried out
The technique, sample collection, device or intervention is adapted to the individual situation and explained before it starts.
Results and follow-up
The result is not interpreted in isolation: symptoms, examination, age, history and complementary tests are considered together.
Clinical interpretation
What is important to understand before deciding
What it can contribute
This procedure addresses a specific clinical question. Its usefulness depends on the indication, timing and technique being appropriate for your situation.
What it cannot determine on its own
No test or procedure should be interpreted outside its clinical context. A normal result does not dismiss persistent symptoms, and an abnormal finding does not automatically mean serious disease.
What happens afterwards
Depending on the result, the next step may be discharge, observation, repeat testing, further assessment or treatment. The plan is explained before the episode is considered complete.
Expanded information
Questions we answer during the consultation
The technical information on this page helps you prepare for the consultation. The final decision is made after assessing your circumstances and confirming that the likely benefit outweighs the risk.
Can it be uncomfortable or painful?
It depends on the technique. Some examinations or samples may cause pressure, a brief pinch or cramping; others are painless. We explain what to expect and pause if you need a break.
Can it be done during a period?
It depends on the purpose and the amount of bleeding. Some tests are unaffected, while others may be harder to visualise or analyse. Confirm the timing with the centre.
When will I receive the result?
Imaging may be reported during the appointment, while laboratory or pathology tests require processing. We will explain the timeframe, delivery method and who will interpret it.
What it is used for and when
- Bleeding after the menopause.
- Persistent abnormal uterine bleeding or bleeding with risk factors.
- Follow-up of selected ultrasound findings or treatments.
How it is performed
A thin sampling tube is usually passed through the cervix to obtain a small sample. Brief cramping may occur; another method may be needed if the sample is insufficient.
Preparation
Possible pregnancy, anticoagulants, allergies, infection and the need for pain relief or accompaniment are reviewed. You will receive specific instructions and informed consent.
Tell the team beforehand if pregnancy is possible, you take anticoagulants, have allergies, active infection or a relevant medical condition. Specific instructions take priority over the general information on this page.
After the procedure
The laboratory or pathology department needs time to process the sample. You will be told how and when results will be given and what follow-up may be needed.
Risks, limitations and alternatives
It can cause period-like pain, light bleeding, uncommon infection or an insufficient sample. A normal biopsy does not exclude every focal cause of bleeding, so ultrasound or hysteroscopy may sometimes be needed.
Clinical judgement and evidence
The appropriate test depends on symptoms, age, medical history, examination and screening programmes. More testing is not always better care: every test should answer a useful clinical question.
Related procedures
Askabide Klinika
Not sure which procedure you need?
You do not need to choose a test on your own. Tell us what concerns you and the team will guide you after assessing your situation.